How long does it take a new photon to reach us from its creation in the sun?

All of the sun’s photons are generated through nuclear reactions within it. If a photon is generated at the centre of the sun it can take anywhere between 2 days and 200,000 years to escape the body of the sun. That’s because the path of the photon is purely probabilisitic. At the centre of the… Continue reading How long does it take a new photon to reach us from its creation in the sun?

How much energy does it take to heat a cup of coffee or tea?

  So, just the other day, I was thinking about how much energy we need to destroy hair follicle and blood vessels. Typically we talk about 1 or 2 joules per pulse. Then I thought, what is 1 joule of energy? I had no idea what this actually meant in the ‘real’ world! So, I… Continue reading How much energy does it take to heat a cup of coffee or tea?

‘Lunch & Learn’ – Quick, lunchtime courses in lasers, IPLs, RF and their applications

NEW SHORT COURSES I will be starting some ‘Lunch and Learn’ courses very soon. These are designed for clinics/salons where laser/IPL users want to learn about more about certain topics. Each L&L course will last for about 45 to 50 minutes and will be presented via a Powerpoint presentation and a course booklet. The cost… Continue reading ‘Lunch & Learn’ – Quick, lunchtime courses in lasers, IPLs, RF and their applications

Laser Safety Glasses – Are you safe?

  All laser users have to take responsibility for their laser safety glasses. Are they the right ones for the job? Are they properly specced? Do they comply with EU regulations? For more on this topic please see my article in Aesthetics –https://aestheticsjournal.com/feature/the-last-word-safety-glasses   If you need any advice please feel free to contact me.… Continue reading Laser Safety Glasses – Are you safe?

Thermal Relaxation Time – what is wrong with it?

The theory which has underpinned many skin-laser treatments since 1981 is called ‘Selective Photothermolysis’. It is based on matching the laser wavelength to the absorbing chromophore. It also matches the pulse duration of the laser to the thermal relaxation times of those targets. However, there is a problem with this approach. The thermal relaxation time… Continue reading Thermal Relaxation Time – what is wrong with it?