The ‘kill-stun-null’ zones in laser/IPL hair removal – why some treatments don’t work…

Whilst chatting to a young lady about her laser hair removal issues, I thought of a better way to explain why treatments often don’t work. I realised that we need to visualise the skin as a sequence of ‘zones’ – the ‘kill’ zone where the hairs will always be successfuly destroyed; the ‘stun’ zone where… Continue reading The ‘kill-stun-null’ zones in laser/IPL hair removal – why some treatments don’t work…

New, downloadable booklets

I am currently writing a series of ‘bite-sized’ booklets on various topics including laser/IPL treatments, laser safety, the technologies we use today and variouis other stuff. These will be uploaded to my new web site as, and when, they come along. The first two are now available: The first one is a ‘general’ introduction to… Continue reading New, downloadable booklets

Laser Safety Glasses and how to ‘read’ them.

Laser safety glasses must show some information on what they are supposed to protect your eyes against. This must include the wavelength(s) and the protection levels. These are to ensure that your eyes are fully and properly protected during laser procedures. This post will explain the markings you should see on our laser safety glasses.… Continue reading Laser Safety Glasses and how to ‘read’ them.

Another successful MasterClass in Glasgow, Feb 24

Another successful MasterClass, this time in Glasgow. So many ‘light bulb’ moments, according to our attendees. Some came from America (Jim and Lorena), one from Northern Ireland (Natasha – for the second time!!), a very nice chap (Bruno) from Belgium and many from across the UK.     We also had our first virtual MC,… Continue reading Another successful MasterClass in Glasgow, Feb 24

Time is not constant – not in our universe

Last post of 2023. If you look at a river, you will quickly realise that the water flows at different speeds depending on where you’re looking. Near the river banks it usually flows quite slowly, whereas it will typically flow much faster near the centre, if unimpeded. A closer inspection reveals that the currents in… Continue reading Time is not constant – not in our universe

Waves or particles – the conundrum in Quantum Physics

The great physicist, Richard Feynman, once said that if you claim to understand quantum physics, then you don’t understand quantum physics. Anyone who has studied it will tell you that it is bizarre, unfathomable and completely counter-intuitive. One of the strange issues is the wave-particle duality of fundamental ‘particles’ such as electrons and photons. When… Continue reading Waves or particles – the conundrum in Quantum Physics

How does fluence vary with depth in the skin?

When light enters the skin the photons immediately encounter atoms and molecules. With each encounter there is a probability that each photon will be either absorbed or scattered. The skin is a highly scattering medium, so the probabilities of scattering are usually much greater than the probability of being absorbed (in most events). Some of… Continue reading How does fluence vary with depth in the skin?